بررسی موانع و چالش‌های تحقق اهداف آموزش منش در مدارس ابتدایی کشورهای مختلف: مرور نظام‌مند

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده روان شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

رویکرد منش‌پروری، یکی از رویکردهای مهم در قلمرو آموزش ارزش‌هاست و با مبانی و اصول آموزش و پرورش در انتقال ارزش‌های دینی سازگاری دارد و بر تعیین و تثبیت ارزش‌ها از جانب بزرگان فرهنگی و اجتماعی یا توسط نهادهای آموزشی، تربیتی، مذهبی، فرهنگی و احیاناً سیاسی، اصرار می‌ورزد. هدف مطالعۀ حاضر، شناسایی چالش‌ها و موانعی است که در مسیر تحقق آموزش منش در مدارس ابتدایی کشورهای مختلف وجود دارند. این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و از منظر طرح پژوهش، مروری است. بنابراین پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی PsycInfo،Emerald ،Sage ، Pub Med و Science Direct  مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. پس از خارج کردن مقالات نامتناسب با هدف پژوهش، مرور کامل 20 مقالۀ باقیمانده انجام شد که شامل بررسی موانع آموزش منش بود. نتایج نشان داد که موانع به سه دسته کلی: دولت، مدرسه و والدین تقسیم می‌شود؛ موانع ایجاد شده توسط دولت به طور کلی شامل میزان حمایت دولت و چالش در نظارت، طراحی و ارزیابی است. طبقه­بندی اصلی چالش‌های مدرسه نیز شامل چالش در طراحی، تحقق اهداف و ارزیابی است. موانع ایجاد شده توسط والدین را می‌توان در دو مورد کلی خلاصه کرد: عدم نظارت کافی بر فرزندان و عدم همکاری موثر با مدرسه. نتایج پژوهش بر نیاز به توجه و همکاری بیشتر این سه نهاد اجتماعی تاکید دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the barriers and challenges in realization the goals of character education in elementary schools in different countries: Systematic review

نویسندگان [English]

  • mina nezami 1
  • elahe hejazi moughari 2
  • mahdi sadri 3
1 PhD Student in Educational Psychology, University of Tehran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Educational Psychology, University of Tehran
3 PhD Student in Educational Psychology, University of Shahid Beheshti
چکیده [English]

The Characteristic approach is one of the important approaches in the field of values education and has a kind of compatibility with the basics and principles of education in the transmission of religious values ​​and on the determination and consolidation of values ​​by cultural and social elders or by Insists on instructional, educational, religious, cultural, and possibly political institutions. The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges and barriers that occur in the path of character education realization in elementary schools in different countries. This research is a qualitative approach and in terms of design is review. Therefore, the databases PsycInfo, Emerald, Sage, Pub Med and Science Direct were examined. After removing the articles disproportionate to the purpose of the research, a full review was conducted on the remaining 20 articles, which included examining the barriers to character education. The results showed that barriers are divided into three general categories: government, school and parents; Barriers created by the government generally include the level of government support and the challenge of monitoring, designing and evaluating. The main classification of school challenges also includes challenges in design, achievement of goals and evaluation. Barriers created by parents can be summarized in two general cases: insufficient supervision of children and lack of effective cooperation with the school. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, the need for more attention and cooperation of these three social institutions is felt

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • character education
  • elementary schools
  • educational system
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