تحلیل شناختی تصاویر کتاب‌های روان‌خوانی سلام کلاس اولی: تحلیل مضمون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی مؤسسه آموزش‌عالی فروردین، قایمشهر

2 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه الزهراء

چکیده

زمینه: یکی از عوامل مهم در رشد شناختی و نگرش کودکان به یادگیری تصاویر است. تصاویر کتاب‌ها در تعامل شناختی کودکان با پدیده‌های جهان اطراف نقش مهمی دارند.
هدف: هدف این پژوهش مطالعۀ کیفی درون‌مایه‌های شناختی مثبت و منفی تصاویر کتاب‌های غیردرسی روان‌خوانی سلام اولی است.
روش: این پژوهش از نوع مطالعه کیفی است و به شیوه تحلیل مضمون انجام شد. جامعۀ این پژوهش، تصاویر کتاب‌های روان‌خوانی غیردرسی سلام اولی تالیف سال 1395 بود. در این مطالعه، 20 کتاب داستانی روان‌خوانی سری کلاس اولی با روش تمام‌شماری انتخاب و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند.260 تصویر از این کتاب‌ها به تنهایی و بدون توجه به متن نوشتاری کدگذاری و تحلیل شدند. در این تحلیل هر تصویر، به عنوان واحد محتوا، شمارش و در طبقه قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: چهار درون‌مایه اصلی (ترس و اضطراب، ناامنی و خشونت، غم و بیماری) و سه درون­مایه اصلی (شجاعت، معنویت، شادی) به ترتیب به عنوان درون‌مایه‌های منفی و مثبت در این مطالعه شناسایی شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته‌های این مطالعه عمده مفاهیم کتاب از طریق تصاویر بیان شده است. حجم تصاویر نسبت به متن بیشتر است. غلبه درون‌مایه‌های منفی (محرومیت، فقر، جنگ، مرگ) در تصاویر  سبب پریشانی و ناامنی روانی برای مخاطب کودک می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Cognitive Content of Images of First Grade Salam Reading Books: A Thematic Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Rajabpour Azizi 1
  • Morteza Monadi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Farvardin Institute of Higher Education, Qaemshahr, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, AlZahra University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: One of the important factors in children's cognitive development and attitude towards learning is images. Pictures in books play an important role in children's cognitive interaction with the phenomena of the surrounding world.
Aim: The purpose of this research is to qualitatively study the positive and negative cognitive content of the images of Salam Oli's non-textual reading books.
Method: This research is a qualitative study and was conducted by thematic analysis. The community of this research was the images of the non-curricular books of Salam Oli authored in 2015. In this study, 20 story books of the first-grade reading series were selected and analyzed using the full enumeration method. 260 images from these books were coded and analyzed alone without considering the written text. In this analysis, each image was counted and categorized as a content unit.
Findings: Four main themes (fear and anxiety, insecurity and violence, sadness and illness) and three main themes (courage, spirituality, happiness) were identified as negative and positive themes respectively in this study.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the main concepts of the book have been expressed through pictures. The volume of images is more than the text. The predominance of negative themes (deprivation, poverty, war, death) in the images causes psychological distress and insecurity for the child audience.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cognitive themes
  • theme analysis
  • fiction books
  • image analysis
  • first grade
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