میزان توجه به ابعاد پنجگانۀ سلامت در محتوای کتب درسی علوم تجربی دورۀ ابتدایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، پردیس شهید مطهری زاهدان

2 مربی، عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه فرهنگیان، پردیس شهید مطهری زاهدان

چکیده

آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت در مدارس و برنامه‌ریزی اصولی برای سلامت نسل آینده کشور، یکی از شاخص‌های مهم و اصولی و زیر بنای توسعۀ کلان جامعه در همۀ ابعاد آن است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی و تحلیل محتوای کتب درسی علوم تجربی دورۀ ابتدایی براساس میزان توجه به ابعاد پنجگانۀ سلامت (جسمی، روانی، معنوی، اجتماعی و زیست محیطی) است. روش پژوهش تحلیل محتوا است و برای گردآوری داده‌ها از فهرست بازبینی محقق‌ساخته استفاده شد. جامعۀ آماری مشتمل بر کتب درسی علوم تجربی پایۀ اول تا ششم ابتدایی در سال تحصیلی ۹۹ -۱۳۹۸ در قالب ۸۱ درس و ۶۴۴ صفحه بود. واحد تحلیل نیز شامل تمام صفحات (شامل متون، تصاویر، فعالیت‌ها و پرسش‌ها) بود که برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، از روش‌های آمار توصیفی (جداول فراوانی و درصد) استفاده شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد، کتاب علوم تجربی پایۀ اول و پنجم ابتدایی به مولفۀ سلامت جسمی و پایه‌های دوم، سوم، چهارم و ششم به بعد زیست محیطی بیشتر پرداخته‌اند و در مقابل، در علوم تجربی پایه‌های اول، سوم، چهارم، پنجم و ششم به مولفۀ سلامت معنوی و کتاب علوم دوم به سلامت روانی کمترین توجه مشاهده شد. نتایج حاصل از یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر حاکی از آن است که محتوای کتب علوم تجربی دورۀ ابتدایی به تمامی ابعاد پنجگانۀ سلامت پرداخته است اما میزان توجه به برخی از ابعاد سلامت از یکنواختی، تعادل و فراوانی مطلوبی برخوردار نبوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The level of attention to the five dimensions of health in the content of experimental science textbooks at elementary schools

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Kahrazahi 1
  • Noormohammad Barahoei moghadam 2
1 Bachelor of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Shahid Motahari Campus, Zahedan
2 Instructor, Faculty member of Farhangian University, Shahid Motahari Campus, Zahedan
چکیده [English]

Health education and promotion at schools and thoughtful planning for the health of the future generation are very important and lay the foundation for the full development of society in all aspects. The purpose of the research was to review and analyze the content of experimental science textbooks at elementary schools based on the attention paid to the five dimensions of health (physical, mental, spiritual, social, and environmental). The research method was content analysis, and a researcher-made checklist was used to collect the data. The statistical population consisted of experimental science textbooks from the first to the sixth grades in the academic year 2019–2020, which included 81 lessons and 644 pages. The unit of analysis included all the pages (including texts, images, activities, and questions), and descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that 1st grade textbook and 5th grade textbook have paid more attention to physical health dimensions, but 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th grades textbooks have mainly focused on the environmental dimension. Furthermore, experimental science textbooks of 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th grades have paid the least attention to spiritual health, and experimental science textbook of 2nd grade has paid the least attention to mental health. The results of the data analysis indicated that the content of experimental science textbooks at elementary schools has addressed all the five dimensions of health, but the attention paid to some aspects of health was not consistent, balanced, or desirable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • content analysis
  • experimental sciences
  • health components
  • five dimensions of health
  • qualitative method
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